Types of microphones
Microphones are frequently described by their "pick-up" patterns, or the electronic fields from which they capture sound waves. Here are four of the most common pick-up patterns and microphones.
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Bi-directional Microphones
Think of a television news person conducting an interview with a member of the public, and chances are the reporter will be using a bi-directional microphone. These mics excel in picking up sound from two distinct, oppositely sited sound sources and excluding all other sounds.
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Cardiod Microphones
This pick-up pattern is popular with stage mics used by singers and public speakers. The name of the pick-up pattern derives from its shape which resembles the human heart. The pick-up pattern focuses on sound sources in front of the mic (say, Mariah Carey!) and excludes sounds from behind the mic (say, her happy fans!)
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Omni-directional Microphones
If you've experienced the fun of working with USPNet satellite system, then you've worked with a omni-directional microphone. These microphones indiscriminately pickup sounds from throughout a defined area. They are popularly used in group situations.
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Shotgun Microphones
No, they're not used to hunt for dinner! Shotgun mics are long-range microphones frequently used in commercial film production. They are quite sensitive and focused and excel at capturing sound at a distance. But they can also be large and cumbersome to handle.
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